2007-01-31T21:52:00
$Revision: 1.23 $ Drafted by Jonathan Bard, Michael Ashburner, David States, Seung Y. Rhee, and Pascal Gaudet. Incorporating terms and synonyms from the eVOC cell ontology of Janet Kelso, Win Hide et al. http://www.sanbi.ac.za/evoc/ontologies.html. Hematopoietic cell terms revised by Alexander Diehl, MGI, The Jackson Laboratory. Contact Oliver Hofmann, oliver@sanbi.ac.za, at SANBI, University of the Western Cape.
cell
minna
An elongated living cell with unevenly thickened nonlignified primary walls.
ISBN:0471245208
collenchymal cell
PMID:15582775
A subset of motor neurons that innervates intrafusal muscle fibers and has small diameter axons.
fusimotor neuron
A cell that moves by its own activities.
FB:ma
motile cell
JB:jb
Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors.
sustentacular cell
A secondary vascular cell that develops from the fusiform cambial initials and oriented with their longest diameter parallel with the main axis of stem or root. These cells make up the axial system, also known as vertical or longitudinal system.
axial cell
A cell whose primary function is to support other cell types.
supportive cell
Clara cell
prickle cell
sheath cell (sensu Nematoda)
glial cell (sensu Nematoda)
secondary motor neuron
immature T-lymphocyte
immature T-cell
immature T lymphocyte
ISBN:0781735149
GOC:add
An immature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
immature T cell
interneuron
Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions.
MESH:A.08.663.358
FBbt:00005125
R5 photoreceptor cell
An immature cell of the myeloid dendritic cell lineage, characterized by high levels of antigen uptake via endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis, and typically found resident in the tissues.
PMID: 9521319
immature myeloid dendritic cell
blood cell
A cell found predominately in the blood.
A water conducting cell, tracheid or vessel member.
tracheary element
cardiac muscle cell
5-hydroxytryptamine neuron
5-HT neuron
serotonergic neuron
SANBI:mhl
A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter.
podocyte
mesothelial cell
early embryonic cell
calcitonin secreting cell
follicular B cell
A resting mature B cell with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen.
cold sensing thermoreceptor cell
transitional epithelial cell
androgen binding protein secreting cell
photoreceptor cell
FBbt:00004211
A cell specialized to detect and transduce light.
MESH:A.08.663.650.650
Cell in exodermis or endodermis that remains thin walled when the associated cells develop thick secondary walls. Has casparian strip in endodermis.
passage cell
Sanbi:mhl
A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin.
thyrotroph
thyrotrope
beta-basophil
thyroid stimulating hormone secreting cell
cell by organism
A classification of cells by the organisms within which they are contained.
peripheral neuron
extracellular matrix secreting cell
secretin stimulating hormone secreting cell
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
basophilic leukocyte
basophilic leucocyte
Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation.
ISBN:0721601464
basophil
This term covers both immature and mature forms of basophils.
A motor neuron that is located in the cervical region of the spinal cord and selectively innervates the sternocleidmastoid or trapezius muscle. Unlike other motor neurons, they extend axons dorsally along lateral margins of the spinal cord.
PMID:16267219
SACMN
spinal accessory motor neuron
A cell whose primary function is to shorten.
contractile cell
apocrine cell
tanycyte
progesterone secreting cell
MESH:A.11.329.679
A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum.
odontoclast
A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal.
electrically active cell
ISBN:0195088433
A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina.
horizontal cell
PMID:12417662
A cell that lines the tunnel of Corti in the mammalian cochlea. The tunnel of Corti lies between the single row of inner hair cells and the first row of outer hair cells.
Pillar cell
A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
myeloid cell
pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata)
fenestrated cell
window cell
chemoreceptor cell
A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
MESH:A.08.800.550.700.120
Interneuromast cell is a neuroectodermal cell deposited by the migrating lateral line primordium between the neuromasts. Interneuromast cells proliferate and migrate to form additional neuromasts.
interneuromast cell
stratified keratinized epithelial stem cell
glioblast
FBbt:00005145
acid secreting cell
tertiary pigment cell
attachment cell
anterior cone cell (sensu Endoptyeygota)
Golgi cell
A relatively unspecialized cell that will give rise to specialized cell types of the epidermis.
TAIR:lr
epidermal initial
tendon cell
muscle attachment cell
adrenergic neuron
socket cell
PMID:10938806
A cell that surrounds a trichome and provides support for the trichome.
cranial neural crest cell
cambial initial
A cell localized in the vascular cambium or phellogen. Its periclinal division can contribute cells either to the outside or to the inside of the axis; in vascular cambium, classified into fusiform initials (source of axial cells of xylem and phloem) and ray initials (source of the ray cells).
humidity receptor cell
Rohon-Beard neuron
The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms.
MESH:A.05.360.490
germ cell
MESH:A.08.340.685
A non-neuronal cell that surrounds the neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia.
perineuronal satellite cell
perineural satellite cell
estradiol secreting cell
Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type.
hemopoietic progenitor cell
hematopoietic progenitor cell
A progenitor cell of any hematopoietic lineage, potentially multipotent.
hepatocyte
MESH:A.11.436.348
The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with rod photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer.
PMID:14689473
rod bipolar cell
non-hair cell
A cell formed after asymmetric division of root epidermal cell that does not give rise to a root hair.
ISBN:0387987819
atrichoblast
mucosal type mast cell
A mast cell of a mucosal tissue.
GAG secreting cell
hyaluronic acid secreting cell
FBbt:00004903
follicle stem cell
scolopidial ligament cell
FBbt:00005221
surface ectodermal cell
surface ectoderm cell
female gamete
secondary neuron
olfactory receptor cell
Schultze's cell
olfactory sensory neuron
olfactory receptor neuron
mononuclear odontoclast
A specialized multinuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum.
PMID:9415452
The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm.
myeloblast
sieve tube member
One of the series of cellular components of a sieve tube. It shows a more or less pronounced differentiation between sieve plates (wide pores) and lateral sieve areas (narrow pores). Also sieve tube element and the obsolete sieve tube segment.
sieve tube element
sensory processing neuron
CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata)
auditory hair cell
MESH:A.08.663.650.250
A mechanoreceptor cell located in the organ of Corti that is sensitive to auditory stimuli and in the vestibular apparatus that is sensitive to movement of the head. In each case the accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system.
hemocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
T-helper 2 cell
A type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy.
TH2 cell
helper T-lymphocyte type 2
helper T-cell type 2
helper T lymphocyte type 2
helper T cell type 2
cuticle secreting cell
suppressor T cell
suppressor T-cell
A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release.
suppressor T-lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte
suppressor T lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte
BB cone bipolar cell
type 9 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is wide and the dendritic convergence indicates cone selectivity. The axon terminal is sparsely branched and terminates in sublamina 5 of the inner plexiform layer.
A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers.
skeletal muscle myoblast
stratified epithelial stem cell
Cell expressing the ecmA marker from a promoter region that is proximal to the ATG (ecmAO promoter). They are located at the anterior-most region of the slug. During culmination pstA cells differentiate into pstAB cells.
DictyBase:DDB
pstAO
pstA
prestalk A cell
DDANAT:0000022
monocyte stem cell
colony forming unit macrophage
CFU-M
http://www.copewithcytokines.de
A progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage.
monoblast
stellate interneuron
adepithelial cell
FBbt:00003219
glandular epithelial cell
milk secreting cell
macrophage
A mononuclear phagocyte which differentiates from monocytes, is typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells.
histiocyte
reticulocyte
An immature erythrocyte showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining.
fusiform initial
CL:0000274
xylem mother cell
xylem initial
An elongated cell with approximately wedge-shaped ends, found in the vascular cambium, which gives rise to the elements of the axial system in the secondary vascular tissues.
delta basophila
gonadotroph
luteinizing hormone secreting cell
guidepost cell
ISBN:08199377X
A cell of a filament of a fungal mycelium.
hyphal cell
A myeloblast committed to the eosinophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm.
eosinophilic myeloblast
basket cell
monodendritic cell
brush cell
osteoprogenitor cell
retinal bipolar neuron
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer.
NK T cell
NK T lymphocyte
natural killer T-cell
natural killer T lymphocyte
natural killer T cell
natural killer T-lymphocyte
NK T-cell
An alpha-beta T cell of a distinct lineage bearing natural killer markers and a T cell receptor specific for a limited set of ligands. NK T cells have activation and regulatory roles particularly early in an immune response.
NK T-lymphocyte
B-1a B cell
B-1a B lymphocyte
PMID:11861604
A B-1 B cell bearing the CD5 surface marker.
multinucleated odontoclast
multinuclear odontoclast
A specialized mononuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum.
border follicle cell
FBbt:00004905
A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates.
blast cell
non-terminally differentiated cell
A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, differentiation of cytoplasmic granules has begun.
neutrophilic myelocyte
ecdysteroid secreting cell
support cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
B-1 B-lymphocyte
B-1 B-cell
B-1 B lymphocyte
A B cell of distinct lineage and surface marker expression. B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas.
B-1 B cell
cone retinal bipolar cell
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer.
tip cell
A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system.
MESH:A.06.224.161
phaeochromocyte
chromaffin cell
spore (sensu Mycetozoa)
Dormant cell protected by a spore coat.
DDANAT:0000029
myeloid progenitor cell
A progenitor cell of any myeloid lineage, potentially multipotent.
Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type.
primary sporogenous cell
pollen mother cell
A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell.
microsporocyte
yolk cell
fibrocyte
stratified epithelial cell
xylem fiber cell
A fiber of the xylem tissue, Two types are recognized in the secondary xylem: fiber tracheids and libriform fibers.
A fibroblast-like cell that provides support at neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates and are localized outside the synaptic basal lamina.
perijunctional fibroblast
satellite cell
smooth muscle myoblast
MESH:A.11.635.510
A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes.
pinealocyte
neuroglioblast
FBbt:00005147
keratin accumulating cell
basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis
beta cell
scotopic photoreceptor cell
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives an orange to red appearance.
erythrophore
chlamydospore
An asexual 1-celled spore (primarily for perennation, not dissemination). Originates endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell by the contraction of the protoplast. Possesses an inner secondary and often thickened hyaline or brown wall, usually impregnated with hydrophobic material.
ISBN:085199377X
FBbt:00004904
follicle cell
An immature T cell in the thymus expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as the CD4 coreceptors.
CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T cell
SP CD4 cell
CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T-cell
CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
polymodal nocireceptor
primary cell line cell
FBbt:00000092
pole cell
cuprophilic cell
copper accumulating cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
IgG B cell
Not a differentiation state per se, and IgG isotypes vary by species; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
tormogen cell
FBbt:00005171
socket cell
Refers to an activated mature B lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
B lymphoblast
A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system.
MESH:A.08.637.600
oligodendroglia
oligodendrocyte
striated muscle cell
skeletal muscle cell
permanently open valve cell
corticotropin hormone secreting cell
A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces adrenocorticotropic hormone, or corticotropin.
corticotroph
CL:0000640
corticotrophin hormone secreting cell
corticotrope
adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell
adrenocorticotrophic hormone secreting cell
squamous epithelial cell
eosinophilic leukocyte
eosinophilic leucocyte
eosinocyte
Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin.
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
eosinophil
FBbt:00001666
cardioblast (sensu Arthropoda)
An immature T cell in the thymus that has passed the beta-selection checkpoint and is rapidly proliferating and rearranging the T cell receptor alpha chain and expressing the CD8 coreceptor. This stage comes between the DN4 and DP stages.
immature single positive T cell
ISP
immature single positive T-lymphocyte
immature single positive T-cell
immature single positive T lymphocyte
mesodermal cell
mesoderm cell
mesoblast
MESH:A.16.254.425.660
A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo.
stab cell
band cell
band form
A late neutrophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature neutrophil.
rod neutrophil
band
band form neutrophil
An immature T cell in the thymus at the earliest stage of T cell receptor rearrangement of the beta, gamma, and delta T cell receptor chains.
TN2 cell
DN2 alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte
thymocyte
DN2 thymocyte
DN2 immature T cell
DN2 alpha-beta immature T-cell
DN2 cell
TN2 thymocyte
DN2 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
basophil progenitor cell
colony forming unit basophil
CFU-Bas
basophilic stem cell
A progenitor cell committed to the basophil lineage.
basal cell
Mycetozoan cell
A tracheary element of the xylem that has no perforations, as contrasted with a vessel member. May occur in primary and in secondary xylem. May have any kind of secondary wall thickening found in tracheary elements.
tracheid
taste receptor cell
phagocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
FAO:0000039
A sporangiospore that is motile, having flagella.
zoospore
heart muscle cell
cardiocyte
cardiac muscle cell (sensu Arthopoda)
CL:0000466
MESH:A.11.620.500
A striated muscle cell found in the heart. They develop from cardiac myoblasts.
A fungal cell with two or more genetically distinct nuclei.
heterokaryon
amoeboid cell
Cajal-Retzius cell
PMID:9728912
PMID:10600995
One of a transient population of pioneering neurons in the cerebral cortex. These cells are slender bipolar cells of the developing marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene.
surfactant secreting cell
parathyroid hormone secreting cell
chief cell
permanent cell line cell
FBbt:00005083
FBbt:00005074
muscle cell
myocyte
MESH:A.11.620
A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle.
collagen secreting cell
eosinophilic promyelocyte
A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules.
embryonic stem cell
epiblast cell
corona radiata cell
connective tissue type mast cell
A mast cell of the connective tissue.
norepinephrin secreting cell
follicular epithelial cell
myelin accumulating cell
fungal cell
epithem cell
A cell that constitutes the mesophyll of a hydathode and is located between the xylem endings and the epidermis. Proposed to be involved in the retrieval of solutes from the xylem sap.
PMID:12662305
melanophore
melanocyte
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance.
CL:0000572
extramedullary cell
pericardial cell
FBbt:00003184
scleral cell
proerythroblast
rubriblast
pronormoblast
An immature, nucleated erythrocyte occupying the stage of erythropoeisis that follows formation of erythroid progenitor cells.
MESH:A.11.118.290.350.200
nocireceptor
nociceptor
pain receptor cell
The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings.
MESH:A.08.800.550.700.650
experimentally modified cell
A cell that has been changed as a consequence of a deliberate and specific experimental procedure.
paraganglia type 2 cell
Supports paraganglial type 1 cell.
Purkinje fiber
female germ cell
cementoblast
epidermal cell
MA:ma
A cell found in the outermost layer of the organism.
zygote
TAIR:0000423
Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell.
corneal endothelial cell
MESH:A.09.371.060.067.31
Cell of the single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea.
primary motor neuron
thermoreceptor cell
MESH:A.08.800.550.700.840
A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptors in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain.
polytene cell
primary interneuron
CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
intraepithelial lymphocyte
IEL
CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell
CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell
FBbt:00004954
sperm
A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid.
MESH:A.05.360.490.890
spermatozoon
spermatozoid
sperm cell
FBbt:00005149
ganglion mother cell
FBbt:00004995
oenocyte
A cell in a tissue that markedly differs in form, size, or contents from other cells in the same tissue.
idioblast
seam cell
pigment cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
myoepithelial cell
auditory receptor cell
primordial germ cell
cholinergic neuron
oxygen accumulating cell
nitrogen fixing cell
lysozyme secreting cell
R2 photoreceptor cell
TAIR:sr
A cell involved in transporting nutrients, minerals, water, gases and other chemicals between cells for a variety of purposes including conveying nutrition to other tissues, removing waste products from the tissues, conveying gases for respiration, distributing heat and repelling invasion of foreign substances.
transporting cell
cholecystokin stimulating hormone secreting cell
A specialized parenchyma cell associated with a sieve-tube member in angiosperm phloem and arising from the same mother cell as the sieve-tube member.
ISBN:0879015322
companion cell
neuronal stem cell
A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm.
MESH:A.11.118.637.415
granulocyte
macroconidium
FAO:0000038
multinucleate cell
A cell with more than one nucleus.
syncytium
syncytial cell
androgen secreting cell
receptor cell
metanephric mesenchyme stem cell
MESH:A.11.329.427
ISBN:068340007X
A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.
mast cell
mastocyte
labrocyte
tissue basophil
T-helper 1 cell
A type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity.
TH1 cell
helper T-lymphocyte type 1
helper T-cell type 1
helper T lymphocyte type 1
helper T cell type 1
fat cell
A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of tryglycerides.
MESH:A.11.329.114
lipocyte
adipocyte
substance P secreting cell
A terminally differentiated chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone.
PMID:15951842
hypertrophic chondrocyte
Muller cell
melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell
melanotroph
melanotrope
A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone.
autonomic neuron
R7 photoreceptor cell
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell
red blood cell
A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
MESH:A.11.118.290
erythrocyte
RBC
alpha-beta T cell
alpha-beta T-lymphocyte
alpha-beta T-cell
alpha-beta T lymphocyte
An immature or mature T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.
branched duct epithelial cell
rubricyte
polychromatic erythroblast
polychromatic normoblast
intermediate erythroblast
polychromatophilic normoblast
A nucleated, immature erythrocyte in which the nucleus occupies a relatively smaller part of the cell than in its precursor, the basophilic erythroblast. The cytoplasm is beginning to acquire hemoglobin and thus is no longer a purely blue color, but takes on an acidophilic tint, which becomes progressively more marked as the cell matures. The chromatin of the nucleus is arranged in coarse, deeply staining clumps.
polychromatophilic erythroblast
intermediate normoblast
MESH:A.16.254.425.273
A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo.
ectodermal cell
ectoderm cell
primary spermatocyte
eurydendroid cell
A cell secreting sweat, the fluid excreted by the sweat glands of mammals. It consists of water containing sodium chloride, phosphate, urea, ammonia, and other waste products.
MESH:A.12.200.849
sweat secreting cell
germ line stem cell
germline stem cell
R8 photoreceptor cell
CNS interneuron
mucilage cell
Cell containing mucilages or gums or similar carbohydrate material characterized by the property of swelling in water.
thymus processed stem cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
Consider using term 'pro-T cell ; CL:0000827' or the term 'immature T cell ; CL:0000804' or one of its children instead.
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell
suppressor T lymphocyte
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell
suppressor T-cell
A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release.
suppressor T cell
suppressor T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte
multipolar neuron
microconidium
FAO:0000028
A cell that stores pancreatic polypeptides.
pp cell
Merkel cell
MESH:A.08.800.550.700.500.425
A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute, such as the fingertips. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber.
cystoblast
lymph gland crystal cell
A specialized multinuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone.
PMID:12713016
multinuclear osteoclast
multinucleated osteoclast
OFF-bipolar cell
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells hyperpolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors.
retinal rod cell
One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision.
MESH:A.08.663.650.650.670.650
mucus secreting cell
mucous cell
mature eosinophil
mature eosinocyte
mature eosinophil leukocyte
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
A fully differentiated eosinophil, a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin.
mature eosinophil leucocyte
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
Claudius cell
cell by histology
A classification of cells by their microscopical appearance.
smooth muscle cell
CL:0000191
MESH:A.11.620.520
A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast).
non-striated muscle cell
central cell
A cell containing the two polar nuclei which, after double fertilization, will develop into the endosperm.
gastrin secreting cell
macroglial cell
lipocyte
mesangial cell
mesangial phagocyte
PMID:16146841
PMID:1600140
ISBN:3540536663
ISBN:0702022918
A mononuclear phagocyte of the renal glomerular mesangium, of hematopoietic origin.
metal ion accumulating cell
glioblast (sensu Vertebrata)
Kupffer cell
A specialized phagocytic cell of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids.
MESH:A.11.329.372.588
storage cell
A cell that is specialized to store a particular substance(s), which is(are) later released from the store for a particular purpose.
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
polymorphonuclear neutrophil
mature neutrophilic leucocyte
mature neutrophilic leukocyte
mature neutrocyte
poly
polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte
MESH:A.11.118.637.415.583
A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte
mature neutrophil leukocyte
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
PMN
mature neutrophil
mature neutrophil leucocyte
germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata)
ovum
FBbt:00000034
egg
endorphin secreting cell
A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium.
circulating cell
outer hair cell
MESH:A.08.663.650.250.315
A mechanoreceptor in the organ of Corti. In mammals the outer hair cells are arranged in three rows which are further from the modiolus than the single row of inner hair cells. The motile properties of the outer hair cells may contribute actively to tuning the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the cochlea.
band form basophil
A late basophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature basophil.
socket cell (sensu Nematoda)
An erythrocyte having a nucleus.
nucleate erythrocyte
red blood cell
RBC
CNS long range interneuron
A cell whose nucleus, or nuclei, each contain more than two haploid genomes.
polyploid cell
A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores; also called megaspore mother cell.
megasporocyte
megaspore mother cell
archesporial cell
lactotroph
mammotropic cell
mammotroph
prolactin secreting cell
mammotrophic cell
mammotrope
lactotrope
An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin.
epsilon-acidophil
lactotropic cell
slowly adapting mechanoreceptor cell
neuroplacodal cell
paraganglial type 1 cell
MESH:A.08.663.650
A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery.
input neuron
afferent neuron
common myeloid progenitor
ISBN:0878932437
multipotential myeloid stem cell
CMP
myeloid stem cell
pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow)
cfu-gemm
CFU-S
colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte
PMID:10724173
A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages.
primary oocyte
cementocyte
amnioserosal cell
brown fat cell
A cell from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species, including humans, and in hibernating mammals. Brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation.
MESH:A.10.165.114.322
MESH:A.11.329.372.630
A mononuclear phagocyte that develops from bone marrow precursors but is resident in the peritoneum.
peritoneal macrophage
mature B lymphocyte
mature B-cell
mature B-lymphocyte
mature B cell
A mature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex.
paracrine cell
vasopressin stimulating hormone secreting cell
peptide hormone secreting cell
red sensitive photoreceptor cell
neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata)
adrenal medulla cell
chromafin cell
female gametophyte egg cell
The female gamete of plants.
egg cell
thyroid hormone secreting cell
FBbt:00004193
crystallin accumulating cell
lens cell
cone cell
type 6 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a loose, delicate axon terminal that opens in sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer and descends into sublamina 4.
DB5 cone bipolar cell
A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, differentiation of cytoplasmic granules has begun.
basophilic myelocyte
secondary pigment cell
type 8 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
DB6 cone bipolar cell
An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. This cell has the widest dendritic field and the widest axon terminal of all retinal bipolar cells. The axon terminal is delicate and stratified through sublaminae 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer.
small luteal cell
prokaryotic cell
basophilic myeloblast
A myeloblast committed to the basophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm.
stratified cuboidal epithelial cell
UV sensitive photoreceptor cell
MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.535.400
A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells.
theca cell
male germ cell
MESH:A.06.688
A neuron that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system.
neurosecretory cell
neuroendocrine cell
nitrergic neuron
A nerve cell where transmission is mediated by nitric oxide.
MESH:A.08.663.748
apoptosis fated cell
lymphoid stem cell
committed lymphopoietic stem cell
CL:0000044
CLP
lymphopoietic stem cell
PMID:10407577
A progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage.
ELP
common lymphocyte progenitor
early lymphocyte progenitor
interfollicle cell
FBbt:00004910
stalk cell
skeletal muscle satellite cell
MESH:A.11.635.500.700
An elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblast lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration.
The cell protoplasm after removal of the cell wall.
protoplast
MESH:A.11.118.637.555.652
Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood.
monocyte
acceleration receptive cell
A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates.
thrombocyte
Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type. Use platelet ; CL:0000233 for thrombocytes (platelets) in mammals.
blood cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
endoderm cell
endodermal cell
A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo.
MESH:A.16.254.425.407
oogonial cell
MESH:A.09.246.631.246.577.543
Cells forming a framework supporting the organ of Corti. Specific cells are those of Claudius, Deiters and Hensen.
labyrinth supporting cell
retinal cone cell
MESH:A.08.663.650.650.670.100
One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision.
myrosin cell
Cell containing glucosinolates ('mustard oil glucosides') and myrosinases, enzymes hydrolyzing the glucosinolates. Occurs in eleven dicotyledon families, the two largest of which are the Brassicaceae and Euphorbiaceae.
defensive cell
A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism.
Differentiating cell composing the aggregate that has acquired adhesive properties.
aggregate cell
DDANAT:0000009
odontoblast
tracheoblast
white muscle cell
fast muscle cell
FBbt:00005124
sensory neuron
smooth muscle cell neural crest derived
serotin secreting cell
CNS short range interneuron
mesenchyme condensation cell
ito cell
perisinusoidal cell
blastemal cell
DDANAT:0000024
pstB
Cell expressing ecmB but not ecmA. Most pstB cells are located at the very rear of the slug (rearguard region). These cells form part of the basal disc of the fruiting body. If a migratory slug is formed, these cells are left behind.
prestalk B cell
A phagocytic cell formed by the fusion of macrophages.
ISBN:0702024783
foreign body giant cell
macrophage polykaryon
syncytial giant cell
multinucleated giant cell
multinucleate giant cell
Langerhans giant cell
ALC
anterior like cell
DDANAT:0000019
Cell that has properties of anterior cells (for e.g., accumulate vital dyes in autophagic vesicles) but that is are scattered throughout the rear of the slug. Some but not all these cells express the ecmA gene and/or the ecmB gene. ALCs maintain an amoeboid appearance during culmination. ALCs that express the ecmO promoter have been called pstO/ALC.
thymocyte
DP thymocyte
DP cell
double-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
An immature T cell in the thymus expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as both the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors.
double-positive, alpha-beta immature T cell
goblet cell
chalice cell
A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins.
MESH:A.03.492.411.369.320
apud cell
A cell that develops from primitive cell types in the neural crest. During ontogeny they migrate to the foregut and specific locations of the neuroendocrine system. Properly located these cells form part of the normal hormone producing tissues of the neuroendocrine system. If misdirected these cells may become hyperplastic, adenomatous, or malignant.
MESH:A.11.070
coelomocyte
renin secreting cell
hematopoietic stem cell
colony forming unit hematopoietic
hemopoietic progenitor cell
A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system.
hemopoietic stem cell
HSC
hematopoietic progenitor cell
mononuclear cytotrophoblast cell
A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage.
neutrophil progenitor cell
neutrophil stem cell
epithelial cell of lung
secondary spermatocyte
FBbt:00004941
granulosa cell
MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.535.200
A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors.
Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord.
choroid plexus epithelial cell
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
neutrophil
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
neutrophil leucocyte
polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte
neutrocyte
poly
polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte
Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
neutrophilic leucocyte
PMN
polymorphonuclear neutrophil
neutrophilic leukocyte
neutrophil leukocyte
seminal fluid secreting cell
multi fate stem cell
A stem cell that can give rise to mulitple lineages of cells.
multipotent stem cell
A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria.
urothelial cell
FAO:0000023
asexual spore
digestive enzyme secreting cell
testosterone secreting cell
The final stage of the nucleated, immature erythrocyte, before nuclear loss. Typically the cytoplasm is described as acidophilic, but it still shows a faint polychromatic tint. The nucleus is small and initially may still have coarse, clumped chromatin, as in its precursor, the polychromatophilic erythroblast, but ultimately it becomes pyknotic, and appears as a deeply staining, blue-black, homogeneous structureless mass. The nucleus is often eccentric and sometimes lobulated.
pyknotic erythroblast
orthochromatic normoblast
eosinophilic erythroblast
acidophilic erythroblast
orthochromatic erythroblast
A cell whose primary function is intermediary metabolism.
fat body cell
lymphoblast
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
Refers to an activated mature lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'lymphocyte ; CL:0000542' or one of its children instead.
A classification of cells by their primary end goal or behavior.
cell by function
antipodal cell
A cell located at the chalazal end of the mature embryo sac in angiosperms.
ISBN:047125208
female germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
FBbt:00004873
FBbt:00004861
A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes.
MESH:A.11.635.470
cardioblast
cardiac muscle myoblast
CL:0000714
eye photoreceptor cell
This term had an incorrect definition and was overly broad. Consider using 'CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell ; CL:0000794' (in most cases) or another lymphocyte cell type if cytotoxicity is shown to be part of the cell's phenotype in a particular experimental situation.
OBSOLETE: A cell responsible for spontaneous cytotoxicity of a variety of tumor cells without prior immunization. These natural killer cells are found in non-immune humans and experimental animals and are thought by some to be the same as killer cells (killing by antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity), but they can also kill in the absence of antibody.
cytotoxic T cell
polygonal cell
FBbt:00001691
PMID:14685782
lymphokine activated killer cell
LAK cell
mature natural killer cell
A mature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells.
imaginal disc cell
luteal cell
A Progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum. The large luteal cells develop from the granulosa cells. The small luteal cells develop from the theca cells.
MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.278.400
CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell
intraepithelial lymphocyte
IEL
A CD8-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell
CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
ISBN:0125296509
Neuromast support cell is a non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells.
neuromast support cell
A cell that can perform photosynthesis, in which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water, using light as the energy source.
photosynthetic cell
pH receptor cell
OBSOLETE: A cell of the lymphoid series that can react with antigen to produce specific cell products called antibodies. Various cell subpopulations, often B cells, can be defined, based on the different classes of immunoglobulins that they synthesize.
Consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
antibody secreting cell
Any of the immature forms of a basophil, in which basophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. A basophil is granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation.
immature basophilic leukocyte
immature basophilic leucocyte
immature basophil
melanoblast
A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell.
enterochromaffin cell
An irregular-shaped argyrophilic cell which produces histamine, chromogranin A/pancreastatin, and an as yet unidentified peptide hormone. They are the predominant endocrine cell type of the oxyntic (acid-producing) mucosa of the mammalian stomach. ECL cells respond to gastrin by releasing their secretory products and this source of histamine acts as the positive paracrine stimulator of the release of hydrochloric acid from the parietal cell.
MESH:A.06.224.365
enteroendocrine cell
Kulchitsky cell
argentaffin cell
FBbt:00004230
visual pigment cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
inhibitory interneuron
neck cell
mucous neck cell
A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD4 coreceptor.
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell
generative cell
The cell that will give rise to the generative nuclei which will participate in fertilization.
white fat cell
myoblast
MESH:A.11.635
An embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes.
heterocyst
A differentiated cell that functions as a site of nitrogen fixation under aerobic conditions.
unipolar neuron
steroid hormone secreting cell
guard cell
One of a pair of cells flanking the stomatal pore and causing the opening and closing of the pore by changes in turgor.
degenerate megaspore
In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that do not participate in megagametogenesis.
acinar cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
Consider using 'osteoclast ; CL:0000092' instead.
osteochondroclast
A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation.
MESH:A.11.118.188
platelet
thrombocyte
blood platelet
Minute protoplasmic masses that make up organized tissue, usually consisting of a nucleus which is surrounded by protoplasm which contains the various organelles and is enclosed in the cell or plasma membrane. Cells are the fundamental, structural, and functional units of living organisms.
MESH:A.11
cell
FBbt:00005127
amacrine cell
Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer.
MESH:A.08.663.358.050
amacrine neuron
synovial cell
professional antigen presenting cell
Note change of name; nearly all somatic cells can present antigens to T cells via MHC Class I complexes leading to effector responses, but professional antigen presenting cells constituitively express MHC Class II as well as constimulatory molecules, and thus can initiate immune responses via T cells.
APC
A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response.
binucleate cell
hatching gland cell
A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes.
erythroid lineage cell
dopaminergic neuron
A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter.
CL:dhill
B cell
B-lymphocyte
B-cell
B lymphocyte
A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex.
sclerenchyma cell
Cell variable in form and size, being more or less thick, often lignified, secondary walls. Belongs to the category of subcells and may or may not be devoid of protoplast at maturity.
Hensen cell
iron accumulating cell
glucocorticoid secreting cell
enkephalin secreting cell
stratum granulosum cell
A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen.
ependymal cell
ependymocyte
sensory epithelial cell
blastomere
blastoderm cell
An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote).
MESH:A.11.104
sebum secreting cell
A cell secreting sebun, an oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands, composed of keratin, fat, and cellular debris.
MESH:A.12.200.702
chemotactic amoeboid cell (sensu Mycetozoa)
DDANAT:0000001
Starved cell that secretes and responds to chemoattractants (cAMP).
eggshell secreting cell
ray initial
A meristemic ray cell in the vascular cambium that gives rise to ray cells of the secondary xylem and secondary phloem.
A phagocyte formed by the fusion of mononuclear phagocytes.
multinucleated phagocyte
A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism.
structural cell
nephrogenic mesenchyme stem cell
choroidal cell
garland cell
FBbt:00005059
gastrin stimulating hormone secreting cell
glioblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
nodal cardiac cell
A progenitor committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing certain phenotypic markers of the natural killer cell lineage such as the IL-15 receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules.
PMID:15766674
PMID:15032583
PMID:12457618
PMID:11532393
NKP
natural killer cell progenitor
preNK cell
null cell
A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage.
myeloid leukocyte
fusion competent myoblast
An epithelial cell found in the basal part of the intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn). Paneth cells synthesize and secrete lysozyme and cryptdins.
MESH:A.03.492.411.369.700
Paneth cell
functional megaspore
In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that will undergo megagametogenesis.
R1 photoreceptor cell
chromophil cell
stuff accumulating cell
A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s).
Male gamete, part of male germ unit.
sperm cell (sensu Viridiplantae)
TAIR:0000084
pollen germ cell
male gametophyte sperm cell
gametophyte sperm cell
sieve element
The cell in the phloem tissue concerned with mainly longitudinal conduction of food materials. Classified into sieve cell and sieve tube member.
ON-bipolar cell
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors.
acidophil cell
alpha cell
MESH:A.11.329.228
A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
fibroblast
germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
GLR cell
glycocalyx secreting cell
immature gamma-delta T cell
immature gamma-delta T-cell
An immature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex.
immature gamma-delta T lymphocyte
immature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte
Note that gamma-delta T cell have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways.
pigmented epithelial cell
An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is not well filled and the dendrites are more delicate than in type 1 cells. The axon terminal is bushier and exhibits a dense plexus of varicosities in the inner part of sublamina 1.
type 2 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
FMB cone bipolar cell
eukaryotic cell
periarticular chondrocyte
A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone.
A small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cell of hematopoietic origin found in the central nervous system. Microglial cells are of various forms and may have slender branched processes.
microglial cell
microglia
juxtaglomerular cell
red muscle cell
slow muscle cell
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
mature basophil leukocyte
mature basophil leucocyte
A fully differentiated basophil, a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation.
CL:0000739
mature basophil
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
cerebrospinal fluid secreting cell
A stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus.
Langerhans cell
megalokaryocyte
megalocaryocyte
megacaryocyte
A giant cell 50 to 100 micron in diameter, with a greatly lobulated nucleus, found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from its cytoplasm.
megakaryocyte
sheath cell
Cell that express ecmA at a very low level. Located at the posterior half of the prestalk zone. Expresses ecmA from the distal region of its promoter (ecmO).
prestalk 0 cell
DDANAT:0000006
spheroplast
MESH:A.11.868
A cell, usually of bacteria or yeast, which has partially lost its cell wall.
sphaeroplast
support cell (sensu Nematoda)
FBbt:00005144
foam cell
A type of macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.
neuron neural crest derived
angioblastic mesenchymal cell
angioblast
An absorptive cell of the mammalian gut epithelium that endocytoses microorganisms and intact macromolecules from the gut lumen and transports them to the subepithelial space where they are presented to antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes.
M cell
fibroblast neural crest derived
spermatocyte
FBbt:00004936
A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids.
MESH:A.05.360.490.890.880
insulating cell
ligament cell
endothelial cell
A late eosinophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature basophil.
band form eosinophil
A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse.
terminal Schwann cell
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains uric acid or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called leucosomes. The crystals reflect light and this gives a white appearance under white light.
leucophore
epithelial cell of gland
An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is restricted to sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer. It is narrowly stratified and branched. The dendritic tree has many delicate branches.
DB4 cone bipolar cell
type 5 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
A cell of the strip of specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonal neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms a column of isolated cells along the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. Most of the cranial and all of the spinal sensory ganglion cells arise by differentiation of neural crest cells.
MESH:A.16.254.600
neural crest cell
non-branched duct epithelial cell
A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form.
mononuclear cell
cardiac mesenchymal cell
epithelial cell of pancreas
enucleate erythrocyte
red blood cell
RBC
An erythrocyte lacking a nucleus.
A haploid (1n) spore developing into a female gametophyte in heterosporous plants.
megaspore
crypt olfactory receptor neuron
An olfactory receptor cell with short cilia growing in an invagination bordered by microvilli.
PMID:16841163
crypt sensory neuron
crypt olfactory sensory neuron
crypt cell
single cell sarcomere
FBbt:00000124
A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface.
MESH:A.11.436
epithelial cell
distal tip cell (sensu Nematoda)
MESH:A.11.436.107
A cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamal organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamal), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992).
ameloblast
transitional stage B-lymphocyte
transitional stage B lymphocyte
T1 B cell
T2 B cell
An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature nave stage. Transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection.
T3 B cell
transitional stage B-cell
transitional stage B cell
p-NK
immature natural killer cell
An immature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. Immature natural killer cells have begun to express the characteristic natural killer cell activation and inhibitory molecules through a selection process leading to tolerance to normal self cells.
iridophore
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color.
gamma-delta T lymphocyte
Note that gamma-delta T cell have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways.
gamma-delta T-lymphocyte
gamma-delta T-cell
An immature or mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex.
gamma-delta T cell
A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage.
lymphocyte
An epidermal cell that divides to produce the guard cells.
guard mother cell
serous secreting cell
somatostatin secreting cell
stem cell
MESH:A.11.872
A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.
A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.
MESH:A.11.329.830
stromal cell
electrically responsive cell
A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal.
promegakaryocyte
megacaryoblast
megakaryocyte progenitor cell
megakaryoblast
The earliest cytologically identifiable precursor in the thrombocytic series.
promegacaryocyte
megacaryocyte progenitor cell
posterior cone cell (sensu Endoptyeygota)
A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments.
barrier cell
insulin secreting cell
A cell whose nucleus has two haploid genomes.
diploid cell
cell by ploidy
A classification of cells by the number of haploid genome equivalents of their nucleus or nuclei.
alveolar macrophage
Round, granular, mononuclear phagocyte found in the alveoli of the lungs. Ingests small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells.
MESH:A.11.329.372.600
epidermoblast
FBbt:00004994
PMID:15684376
PMID:15867096
CFU-GM
CFU-C , Colony forming unit in culture
A progenitor cell committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages.
GMP
granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell
colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage
granulocyte-macrophage progenitor
keratinocyte
MESH:A.11.436.397
An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell.
gangion interneuron
fast muscle myoblast
A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into fast muscle fibers.
sieve cell
A type of sieve element that has relatively undifferentiated sieve areas (with narrow pores), rather uniform in structure on all walls; that is, there are no sieve plates. Typical of gymnosperms and lower vascular plants.
phagocyte
Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis.
type 4 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a diffuse axon terminal with varicosities in sublaminae 1 and 2 of the inner plexiform layer.
DB3 cone bipolar cell
germ line cell
dentine secreting cell
FBbt:00005169
trichogen cell
hair cell
leucocyte
leukocyte
white blood cell
A nucleated cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue.
immune cell
neuroblast
FBbt:00005146
Anterior-like cell that expresses the ecmO promoter and that can move to the position normally occupied by the pstO cells.
pstO/ALC
DDANAT:0000007
output neuron
efferent neuron
MESH:A.08.663.655
A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells.
beta cell
pancreatic B cell
extraembryonic cell
gut endothelial cell
ciliated cell
FAO:0000017
sexual spore
meiotically-derived spore
mitogenic signaling cell
A cell whose primary function is to cause growth by stimulating cell division in its immediate cellular environment.
A rapidly cycling mature B cell distinct phenotypic characteristics involved in T-dependent immune responses and found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes.
germinal center B cell
neutrophilic granuloblast
neutrophilic myeloblast
A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm.
mature T cell
A mature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
mature T-lymphocyte
mature T-cell
mature T lymphocyte
This term is rather archaic; consider using 'natural killer cell ; CL:0000623', 'pro-B cell ; CL:0000826', 'pro-T cell ; CL:0000827', or other appropriate lymphocyte-related term depending on the context.
null cell
OBSOLETE: A class of lymphocytes characterized by the lack of surface markers specific for either T or B cells.
memory T-lymphocyte
memory T-cell
memory T lymphocyte
memory T cell
A distinctly differentiated long-lived T cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant.
neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata)
neuroblast
colony forming unit erythroid
CFU-E
erythroid progenitor cell
blast forming unit erythroid
burst forming unit erythroid
BFU-E
A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage.
erythroid stem cell
valve cell
chromophobic cell
chromophobe cell
primary sensory neuron
corneal epithelial cell
cell by lineage
Mauthner neuron
mesenchymal cell
A cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.
R3 photoreceptor cell
bone matrix secreting cell
An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is delicate and the dendritic tips appear small when compared with type 1 cells. The axon terminal is stratified and restricted to sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer.
DB2 cone bipolar cell
type 3 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
ciliated epithelial cell
TAIR:0000296
subsidiary cell
accessory cell
ISBN:047124520
An epidermal cell associated with a stoma and at least morphologically distinguishable from the epidermal cells composing the groundmass of the tissue.
scaffold cell
hair matrix stem cell
microspore
pollen
A haploid (1n) spore developing into a male gametophyte in heterosporous plants; the uninucleate pollen grain in seed plants.
ameoba
vegetative cell (sensu Mycetozoa)
Unicellular haploid myxamoebae that feeds on bacteria and divides by binary fission.
A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules.
basophilic promyelocyte
enteroendocrine cell
female germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata)
haploid cell
A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome.
starch sheath cell
ISBN:044174520
A cell characterized by conspicuous and rather stable accumulation of starch.
A distinctly differentiated long-lived B cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant. Memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin.
memory B cell
memory B-lymphocyte
memory B-cell
memory B lymphocyte
mature gamma-delta T cell
A mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex.
mature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte
mature gamma-delta T-cell
mature gamma-delta T lymphocyte
Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type.
A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates.
thromboblast
keratinizing barrier epithelial cell
male germ line stem cell
IgM B cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
Not a differentiation state per se; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
neuromast mantle cell
Neuromast mantle cell is a non-sensory cell. Neuromast mantle cells surround the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secrete cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded.
embryonic gland hemocyte
procrystal cell
FBbt:00001689
A cell whose primary function is intermediary metabolism.
metabolising cell
An immature T cell in the thymus that has passed the beta-selection checkpoint and is rapidly proliferating and beginning to rearrange the T cell receptor alpha chain.
DN4 alpha-beta immature T cell
DN4 thymocyte
DN4 cell
DN4 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
thymocyte
striated muscle cell
osteocyte
A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi.
MESH:A.11.329.629.500
glial cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
immature alpha-beta T cell
immature alpha-beta T-lymphocyte
immature alpha-beta T-cell
immature alpha-beta T lymphocyte
An immature T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.
pepsinogen secreting cell
zymogenic cell
peptic cell
chief cell
A B-1 B cell not bearing the CD5 surface marker, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell.
B-1b B lymphocyte
B-1b B cell
male germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
FBbt:00004929
cell in vivo
protein secreting cell
cap cell
meristemoid
A cell constituting an active locus of meristematic activity in a tissue composed of somewhat older, differentiating cells.
A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner.
Note that while T cels of this subset are loosely referred to 'cytotoxic T cells,' as many other T cell types, including CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells and gamma-delta T cells exhibit cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T lymphocyte
cytotoxic T-cell
cytotoxic T lymphocyte
cytotoxic T cell
A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into slow muscle fibers.
slow muscle myoblast
enterocyte
female germ line stem cell
carbohydrate secreting cell
A mature T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.
mature alpha-beta T cell
mature alpha-beta T-lymphocyte
mature alpha-beta T-cell
mature alpha-beta T lymphocyte
fiber tracheid
A fiber like tracheid in the secondary xylem; commonly thick walled, with pointed ends and bordered pits that have lenticular to slit like apertures.
epidermal cell (sensu Insecta)
DN3 cell
DN3 alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte
DN3 immature T cell
DN3 alpha-beta immature T-cell
DN3 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
TN3 thymocyte
An immature T cell in the thymus expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain.
thymocyte
TN3 cell
DN3 thymocyte
A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell.
electrically signaling cell
phloem element
columnar neuron
columnar neuron
epithelial fate stem cell
FBbt:00005148
neuroepidermoblast
Parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts; a component of leaf mesophyll and other green parenchyma tissue.
chlorenchyma cell
endospore
ISBN:127520252
A cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue. They are unrelated to the dendritic cell associated with T cells. Follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, but unlike other dendritic cells, they do not process or present antigen in a way that allows recognition by T cells. Instead, they hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response.
Due to its unique lineage and distinct function, this is not a type of dendritic cell; CL:0000451.
follicular dendritic cell
phagocyte (sensu Vertebrata)
intraepithelial lymphocyte
IEL
An alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell
alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell
ISBN:0140514031
Cell type formed after the first mitotic division of the microgametophye, The nucleus of this cell migrates to the tip of the pollen tube after germination and disintegrates when the pollen tube penetrates the nucellus.
vegetative cell
endothelial tip cell
A specialized endothelial cell that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels.
PMID:15376331
stellate cell
FBbt:00005130
neurosecretory neuron
R6 photoreceptor cell
R4 photoreceptor cell
FBbt:00005038
tracheocyte
tracheal epithelial cell
embryonic crystal cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
Not a differentiation state per se; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
IgE B cell
neuron associated cell
endopolyploid cell
type 7 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
IMB cone bipolar cell
An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is narrowly stratified and are found just below a calretinin-expressing band in sublamina 4 of the inner plexiform layer.
immature eosinophil
Any of the immature forms of an eosinophil, in which eosinophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. An eosinophil is a granulocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin.
immature eosinophilic leukocyte
immature eosinophilic leucocyte
immature eosinocyte
glycogen accumulating cell
podocyte (sensu Diptera)
spore
The reproductive structure of bacteria, fungi and cryptograms.
DDANAT:0000025
Vacuolated cell located at the center of the stalk tube that has a cell wall composed of cellulose and that die upon terminal differentiation. Stalk cells provide structural support for the fruiting body.
stalk cell
closable valve cell
pituicyte
morula cell
MESH:A.16.254.270.550
A cell of the early embryo at the developmental stage in which the blastomeres, resulting from repeated mitotic divisions of the fertilized ovum (zygote), form a compact cell mass.
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell
A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD8 coreceptor.
stratified non keratinized epithelial stem cell
D cell
MESH:A.03.492.766.440.175
A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin.
Purkinje cell
MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.600
The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex.
syncytial epithelial cell
eccrine cell
A secretory cell that discharges its product without loss of cytoplasm.
ISBN:0198547684
touch receptor cell
A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct.
exocrine cell
helper T-lymphocyte
helper T-cell
helper T lymphocyte
helper T cell
A subpopulation of CD4-positive cells that cooperate with other lymphocytes (either T or B) via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions.
MESH:A.11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400
T-helper cell
A cell at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet.
leading edge cell
myofibroblast cell
follicle stimulating hormone secreting cell
gonadotroph
delta basophil
neuromast hair cell
Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface.
primary pigment cell
neuroglioblast (sensu Nematoda)
uric acid accumulating cell
neurectodermal cell
neurectoderm cell
IEL
CD8 positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
intraepithelial lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell
A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, differentiation of cytoplasmic granules has begun.
eosinophilic myelocyte
CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell
CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
A CD4-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
intraepithelial lymphocyte
IEL
CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell
green sensitive photoreceptor cell
hair cell
Commonly used for a cell in root epidermis that gives rise to a root hair. The daughter cell produced by the asymmetric division of a root epidermal cell that gives rise to a root hair.
trichoblast
PO:0004010
A cell synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall.
meristematic cell
barrier epithelial cell
A cell found in seeded plants.
TAIR:syr
plant cell
plasmatocyte
FBbt:00001685
Kenyon cell
FBbt:00004935
An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis.
MESH:A.05.360.490.890.900
spermatogonium
seromucus secreting cell
G cell
MESH:A.03.492.766.440.300
An endocrine cell found in the pyloric gland mucosa (antral mucosa) of the stomach of mammals and responsible for the secretion of gastrin.
Bergmann glial cell
receptor cell (sensu Animalia)
macrophage (sensu Diptera)
FBbt:00001686
NK cell
natural killer cell
PMID:15771571
A natural killer cell is a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells.
null cell
large granular lymphocyte
ECL cell
One of a group of basal granular cells of the mammalian gut whose granules stain readily with silver and chromium salts. The cells secrete serotonin, substance P, and enkephalins. There are three types: gastric (antral mucosa), duodenal, and intestinal.
MESH:A.03.492.766.440.250
enterochromaffin like cell
commisural neuron
odontocyte
dikaryon
A fungal cell with two genetically distinct haploid nuclei.
blue sensitive photoreceptor cell
gut absorptive cell
Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules.
intermediary cell
Parenchyma cell with the wall ingrowth (or invaginations) that increase the surface of the plasmalemma. Appears to be specialized for short-distance transfer of solutes.
transfer cell
cell by class
neuroepithelial cell
A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules.
neutrophilic progranulocyte
neutrophilic premyelocyte
neutrophilic promyelocyte
reticular cell
A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs.
pro-B lymphocyte
pro-B cell
CNS neuron (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
duct epithelial cell
A columnar chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. Columnar chondrocytes vigorously proliferate and form columns in the growth plate.
columnar chondrocyte
embryonic gland plasmatocyte
T cell
T-lymphocyte
T-cell
T lymphocyte
A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
flight muscle cell
pore cell
Forms the terminal part of the cuticle-lined excretory duct of C. elegans.
boundary cell
A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism.
lining cell
stratified squamous epithelial cell
lymph gland plasmatocyte
chondroblast
Refers to an activated mature T lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'T cell ; CL:0000084' or one of its children instead.
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
T lymphoblast
enamel secreting cell
chondroclast
Osteoclasts develop directly from monocytes.
osteoclast
PMID:10428500
A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone.
regulatory T lymphocyte
suppressor T-lymphocyte
regulatory T cell
regulatory T-cell
suppressor T cell
A T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release.
regulatory T-lymphocyte
suppressor T-cell
suppressor T lymphocyte
A walled spore produced in a sporangium.
sporangiospore
synergid
A cell in the micropylar end of the embryo sac associated with the egg in the egg apparatus of angiosperms. Plays a vital role in fertilization.
hepatic oval cell
trunk neural crest cell
oocyte
FBbt:00004886
polymodal neuron
single fate stem cell
scolopale cell
scolopidium
FBbt:00005217
mature myeloid dendritic cell
A mature cell of the myeloid dendritic cell lineage, characterized by a high capacity for antigen presentation and typically found in a lymph node.
neuroglia
glial cell
MESH:A.08.637
A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons.
muscle stem cell
FBbt:00005219
scolopidial sheath cell
amelocyte
Leydig cell
interstitial cell
blood vessel endothelial cell
pioneer neuron
FBbt:00005128
A classification of cells by the number of their nuclei.
cell by nuclear number
A sexual spore produced in an ascus by 'free cell formation'. Has a multilayered spore wall.
ascospore
FAO:0000020
epinephrin secreting cell
brush border epithelial cell
A cell that takes up stuff and metabolises it.
absorptive cell
DDANAT:0000031
pstAB/ALC
Anterior-like cell expressing both ecmA and ecmB.
nurse cell
FBbt:00004878
nurse cell
warmth sensing thermoreceptor cell
biogenic amine secreting cell
somatic stem cell
non-visual cell (sensu Vertebrata)
cell line cell
oxytocin stimulating hormone secreting cell
A cell with a single nucleus.
single nucleate cell
A precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules.
promyelocyte
pancreatic A cell
alpha cell
basophilic metamyelocyte
A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a basophilic myelocyte and a band form basophil.
A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface.
MESH:A.11.936
trophoblast cell
visible light photoreceptor cell
visual pigment cell
pigment cell
MESH:A.08.637.200
A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury.
astrocyte
trichome
An outgrowth from the epidermis. Trichomes vary in size and complexity and include hairs, scales, and other structures and may be glandular. In Arabidopsis, patterning of trichome development is not random but does not appear to be lineage-based like stomata.
zygospore
FAO:0000040
A resting spore resulting from the conjugation of isogametes or from the fusion of like gametangia.
neuron associated cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
hyalocyte
microvillous olfactory receptor neuron
microvillous sensory neuron
microvillous olfactory sensory neuron
An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a knob that bears numerous microvilli.
cone cell (sensu Endoptyeygota)
totipotent stem cell
A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form.
An epithelial cell of the vestibular sensory organ that is characterized by intense enzymatic activities and numerous basal membrane infoldings.
PMID:11223304
vestibular dark cell
vaginal lubricant secreting cell
trophectoderm cell
trophectodermal cell
erythroblast
A nucleated precursor of an erythrocyte.
normoblast
paraganglial cell
simple columnar epithelial cell
gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte
gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell
gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte
intraepithelial lymphocyte
IEL
gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell
A gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements.
A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons.
MESH:A.08.637.800
Schwann cell
dental papilla cell
olfactory sustentacular cell
olfactory epithelial support cell
Olfactory epithelial support cell is a non ciliated columnar cell that
extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the
olfactory epithelium.
large luteal cell
cumulus cell
ciliated olfactory receptor neuron
An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob.
ciliated sensory neuron
ciliated olfactory sensory neuron
peridermal cell
non keratinizing barrier epithelial cell
Sertoli cell
MESH:A.05.360.444.849.789
A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier.
FBbt:00005133
serotinergic neuron
parenchymal cell
Typically this is a not distinctly specialized cell with a nucleate protoplast concerned with one or more of the various physiological and biochemical activities in plants. Varies in size, form, and wall structure.
peptidergic neuron
gravity sensitive cell
arcade cell
eosinophil stem cell
colony forming unit eosinophil
CFU-Eo
A progenitor cell committed to the eosinophil lineage.
eosinophil progenitor cell
FBbt:00001789
histoblast
plasmacyte
plasma cell
A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cell of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern.
vascular associated smooth muscle cell
reticular cell
adventitial cell
lymphoid progenitor cell
A progenitor cell of any lymphoid lineage, potentially multipotent.
Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type.
muscle precursor cell
anterior cell
MESH:A.11.329.629
A bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.
osteoblast
animal cell
phloem initial
phloem mother cell
A cambial cell on the phloem side of the cambial zone that is the source of one or more cells arising by periclinal divisions and differentiating into phloem elements with or without additional divisions in various planes.
pre-B lymphocyte
pre-B cell
A fully committed immature B cell that expresses the pre-B cell receptor.
littoral cell of liver
endocrine cell
MESH:A.06.407
A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions.
neuroblast
neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
centripetally migrating follicle cell
FBbt:00004906
PMID:9354811
PMID:8629001
PMID:16330751
PMID:16006518
A progenitor cell of the mast cell lineage.
MCP
mast cell progenitor
colony forming unit mast cell
CFU-MC
CFU-Mast
oxyntic cell
parietal cell
male gamete
PMID:9521319
PMID:10449155
A dendritic cell of the myeloid lineage.
veiled cell
interdigitating cell
myeloid dendritic cell
DC1
juvenile hormone secreting cell
secretory cell
bombesin stimulating hormone secreting cell
promonocyte
A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte.
A bulbous cell that is medially placed in one row in the organ of Corti. In contrast to the outer hair cells, the inner hair cells are fewer in number, have fewer sensory hairs, and are less differentiated.
MESH:A.08.663.650.250.250
inner hair cell
Consider using term 'pro-B cell ; CL:0000826' or the term 'immature B cell ; CL:0000816' or one of its children instead.
bursa processed stem cell
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
hypodermal cell
pancreatic D cell
follicular B cell
B-0 B cell
B-2 B-lymphocyte
B-2 B-cell
B-2 B lymphocyte
A conventional B cell subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells.
B-2 B cell
A nucleated immature erythrocyte, having cytoplasm generally similar to that of the earlier proerythroblast but sometimes even more basophilic, and usually regular in outline. The nucleus is still relatively large, but the chromatin strands are thicker and more deeply staining, giving a coarser appearance; the nucleoli have disappeared.
basophilic erythroblast
prorubricyte
early normoblast
early erythroblast
basophilic normoblast
An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell body of these cells is in the middle of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is stout and the axon terminates in sublamina 1. The axonal terminal is wide and has only a few varicosities.
DB1 cone bipolar cell
type 1 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus)
basidiospore
A spore containing one or two haploid nuclei produced, after meiosis, on a basidium.
FAO:0000021
A cell with both myofibrils and secretory granules.
myoendocrine cell
juvenile neutrophil
A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a meylocyte and the band form neutrophil. The protein synthesis seen in earlier stages decreases or stops; the nucleus becomes indented and its chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; and the cytoplasm becomes pink like that of a mature granulocyte.
neutrophilic metamyelocyte
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata)
marginal zone B cell
A CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cell of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL.
visual pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata)
FBbt:00005412
gamete
Initial population of prestalk cells that activate the ecmA promoter at the mound stage and that presumably further differentiate into pstA and pstO cells.
DDANAT:0000008
prestalk I cell
Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus.
leptomemingeal cell
unimodal nocireceptor
mononuclear osteoclast
A specialized mononuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone.
pDC
DC2
A dendritic cell type of distinct morphology, localization, and surface marker expression from other dendritic cell types and associated with early stage immune responses, particularly the release of physiologically abundant amounts of interferon-gamma in response to infection.
PMID:15596797
PMID:15549123
IPC
lymphoid dendritic cell
plasmacytoid dendritic cell
T-associated plasma cells
plasmacytoid T cell
plasmacytoid monocytes
interferon-producing cell
Any of the immature forms of a neutrophil in which neutrophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
immatuer neutrophilic leukocyte
immature neutrophil
immature neutrophilic leucocyte
immature neutrophil leukocyte
immature neutrophil leucocyte
immature neutrocyte
Not a differentiation state per se, and IgA isotypes vary by species. Consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead.
OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).
IgA B cell
FBbt:00004942
MESH:A.05.360.490.890.860
A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa.
spermatid
equatorial cone cell (sensu Endoptyeygota)
MESH:A.08.663
The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
FBbt:00005106
neuron
FAO:0000024
A non-motile asexual spore that has not developed by cytoplasmic cleavage (see: sporangiospore ; CL:0000616) or free-cell formation (see: ascospore ; CL:0000607).
conidium
phalangeal cell
Deiter's cell
ISBN:087694289
An epidermal cell with a characteristic convoluted anticlinal cell wall that gives a jigsaw like appearance to the lamina.
pavement cell
MGD:dph
A transient cell present only in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration.
radial glial cell
dendritic cell
A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation.
veiled cell
interdigitating cell
prestalk cell
pericyte
A slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cell found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. (From Stedman, 26th ed).
MESH:A.07.231.330.600
crystal cell
spiderweb cell
A stellate interneuron having 7-10 dendrites that may branch.
neuroglioform cell
FBbt:00005062
prohemocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)
A mechanoreceptor located in the acoustic maculae and the semicircular canals that mediates the sense of balance, movement, and head position. The vestibular hair cells are connected to accessory structures in such a way that movements of the head displace their stereocilia. This influences the membrane potential of the cells which relay information about movements via the vestibular part of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem.
MESH:A.08.663.650.250.380
vestibular hair cell
pseudounipolar neuron
stretch receptor cell
A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells.
ependymoglial cell
pro-T lymphocyte
A progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage.
TN1 cell
DN1 thymocyte
DN1 cell
pro-T cell
A projection neuron in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region.
MESH:A.08.186.211.577.405.700
pyramidal cell
lymph gland hemocyte
thecogen cell
sheath cell
pneumocyte
glutamatergic neuron
granule cell
lamellocyte
FBbt:00001687
megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell
A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages.
MEP
colony forming unit erythroid megakaryocyte
CFU-EM
RGC
gangliocyte
CL:dph
The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve.
retinal ganglion cell
primary neuron
immature B-lymphocyte
immature B-cell
immature B lymphocyte
A immature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex.
immature B cell
C cell
parafollicular cell
syncytiotrophoblast cell
vegetative cell (sensu Fungi)
FAO:0000032
yeast-form
A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body.
ISBN:0444009442
bipolar neuron
CAP motoneuron
tears secreting cell
MESH:A.12.200.882
A cell secreting tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the conjunctiva and cornea.
MESH:A.08.800.550.700.500
A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system.
mechanoreceptor cell
excretory cell
A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a eosinophilic myelocyte and a band form eosinophil.
eosinophilic metamyelocyte
chondrocyte
MESH:A.11.329.171
Polymorphic cell that form cartilage.
hair papilla cell
sphincter associated smooth muscle cell
A cell composing the xylem.
xylem element
xanthophore
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red.
mononuclear phagocyte
A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus.
SP CD8 cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte
CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T-cell
CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
An immature T cell in the thymus expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as the CD8 coreceptors.
CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T cell
Cell that is undergoing differentiation to become a spore.
DDANAT:0000003
prespore cell
A neuron which activate muscle cells.
MESH:A.08.663.655.500
motor neuron
secondary oocyte
A cell that develops from the ray initial and composes all rays (panels of tissue variable in height and width, formed by the ray initials in the vascular cambium and extending radially in the secondary xylem and secondary phloem) in the secondary vascular tissues.
ray cell
A supportive cell of the vertebrate pituitary that provides macromolecular transport and secretes hormones.
folliculostellate cell
prestalk AB cell
pstAB
Cell that expresses both ecmA and ecmB either simultaneously or sequentially. During culmination pstA differentiate into pstAB cells.
DDANAT:0000021
chromatophore
chromatocyte
pigment cell
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains blue pigment of unknown chemical composition in fibrous organelles termed cyanosomes. This gives a blue appearance.
cyanophore
blue chromatophore
A non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.
glial cell (sensu Vertebrata)
mesangial cell
mineralocorticoid secreting cell
anucleate cell
A cell that lacks a nucleus.
naive B cell
A mature B cell which has not yet been activated by antigen.
nave B-lymphocyte
nave B-cell
naive B lymphocyte
glucagon secreting cell
pressoreceptor cell
A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls.
MESH:A.08.800.050.800.900.700
A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers.
MESH:A.16.254.412
gastrula cell
photopic photoreceptor cell
GABAergic neuron
obliquely striated muscle cell
somatotrophin secreting cell
An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.
somatotroph
growth hormone secreting cell
somatotrope
CL:0000471
somatotropin secreting cell
somatrophic cell
somatotropic cell
alkali secreting cell
Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system.
hair cell
develops_from